South Africa

Currency: South African rand (ZAR)

Timezone: South African Standard Time (UTC+2)

South Africa is a Southern Africa country located at the tip of the continent, sharing its borders with Botswana, Lesotho, Mozambique, Namibia, Eswatini, and Zimbabwe. The climate of the country is mostly sub-tropical along the coast and semi-arid inthe other parts of the country with a terrain that is mostly plateau with rugged hills. With a population of approximately 60 million people, South Africa is the most populous country in Southern Africa and contains a diverse ethnic group, including Black African, Whites, and Indian/Asian.

The official languages of the country are English, Zulu, Xhosa, Afrikaans, Pedi, Tswana, Southern Sotho, Venda, Tsonga, Swazi, Southern Ndebele. The country operates a parliamentary republic system of government which is administratively divided into nine (9) provinces, and Pretoria —the country’s capital. The South Africa economy is the second-largest economy in Africa by GDP and is widely regarded as a middle-income emerging economy that is rich in natural resources. The major source of foreign exchange for the country comes from the export of gold, diamond, wines, iron ore, platinum, non-ferrous metals. The major challenges facing the country are the prevalence of HIV/AIDs and public sector corruption.

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Appropriation Act 3 of 2025

National Treasury

Authorizes the allocation of funds from the National Revenue Fund for the 2025/26 financial year. It also sets conditions for early withdrawals for the 2026/27 fiscal year and includes provisions for incidental matters.

South Africa • 2025 • Finance

Division of Revenue Act 2 of 2025

Ministry of Justice

Provides for the equitable division of nationally raised revenue among national, provincial, and local governments for the 2025/26 fiscal year. Specifies allocations, conditions, and responsibilities across all spheres of government.

South Africa • 2025 • Governance and Democracy

Judiciary strategic Plan 2025-2029

Ministry of Justice

Focuses on modernizing court systems, expanding digital access to justice, strengthening judicial governance, and enhancing public trust. Builds on prior reforms with emphasis on infrastructure, training, and constitutional literacy.

South Africa • 2025 • Governance and Democracy

Public Procurement Act, 2024

National Treasury

The Public Procurement Act, 2024 (Act No. 28 of 2024), aims to overhaul and standardize procurement practices across all government spheres to ensure they are fair, transparent, competitive, and cost-effective, in line with constitutional mandates....

South Africa • 2024

National Prosecuting Authority (Amendment) Act, 2024

Ministry of Justice and Constitutional Development

The National Prosecuting Authority Amendment Act, 2024 (Act No. 10 of 2024), establishes the Investigating Directorate Against Corruption (IDAC) as a permanent, independent unit within South Africa’s National Prosecuting Authority (NPA).

South Africa • 2024

South African Ethics in Health Research Guideline 2024

Ministry of Health

Sets national norms for ethical health research involving humans and animals, covering consent, data protection, scientific integrity, and REC governance in the era of AI and genomics.

South Africa • 2024 • Health

National-Nurses-Uniform-Policy 2024

Ministry of Health

Standardizes nurse uniforms across public health facilities to ensure consistency in color, quality, and professional image. It replaces the allowance-based system with employer-provided uniforms, promoting accountability and public trust.

South Africa • 2024 • Health

Adjustments Appropriation Act 49 of 2024

National Treasury

Authorizes adjustments to the appropriation of funds from the National Revenue Fund for the 2024/25 financial year. It reallocates resources to meet revised spending priorities and addresses unforeseen expenditures.

South Africa • 2024 • Finance

Electoral Matters Amendment Act 14 of 2024

Ministry of Justice

Amends the Political Party Funding Act to regulate public and private funding for independent candidates and representatives. Introduces new accounting rules, donation limits, and safeguards against illicit funding. Updates related electoral laws to reflect these...

South Africa • 2024 • Governance and Democracy

Expropriation Act 13 of 2024

Ministry of Justice

Establishes a legal framework for expropriating property for public purpose or interest, including land reform. Introduces procedures for compensation and allows for nil compensation in specific cases. Repeals the 1975 Expropriation Act

South Africa • 2024 • Governance and Democracy

General Intelligence Laws Amendment Act 37 of 2024

Presidency

Reforms South Africa’s intelligence architecture by disestablishing the State Security Agency and creating separate domestic and foreign intelligence services. Enhances oversight, regulates bulk surveillance, and implements recommendations from the Zondo Commission and 2018 High-Level Review...

South Africa • 2024 • Security and Justice

Global Minimum Tax Administration Act 47 of 2024

National Treasury

Establishes the administrative framework for implementing the Global Minimum Tax Act. Requires multinational enterprises (MNEs) to submit GloBE Information Returns, regulates payment timelines, penalties, and aligns with OECD’s GloBE Model Rules

South Africa • 2024 • Finance

Housing Consumer Protection Act 25 of 2024

Department of Human Settlements

Replaces the 1998 Act to strengthen protection for housing consumers. Establishes the National Home Building Regulatory Council, mandates registration of homebuilders, enrolment of homes under a warranty fund, and regulates builder conduct and procurement practices.

South Africa • 2024 • Housing and consumer protection

Parliament Strategic Plan 2024-2029

Parliament of the Republic of South Africa

Outlines the 7th Parliament’s priorities to deepen democracy, enhance oversight of the Executive, improve legislative quality, and strengthen public participation. Emphasizes transformation, digital modernization, and collaboration with civil society.

South Africa • 2024 • Governance and Public Administration

Preservation and Development of Agricultural Land Act 39 of 2024

Land Reform and Rural Development.

Establishes a national framework to preserve and sustainably develop agricultural land. Introduces agro-ecosystem management, land classification, protected agricultural zones, and a national agro-eco information system. Also amends the Subdivision of Agricultural Land Repeal Act of...

South Africa • 2024 • Agriculture

National Health Insurance Act 20 of 2023

Ministry of Health

Establishes a single-payer National Health Insurance (NHI) Fund to achieve universal access to quality healthcare in line with Section 27 of the Constitution. The Act outlines strategic purchasing of services, governance structures, and mechanisms to...

South Africa • 2023 • Health