The national adaptation plan seeks to increase the country’s resilience to climate change through building adaptive capacities. The adaptation plan focuses on sectors identified as most vulnerable; agriculture, forestry, health, transport, power, industry, water, and urban. Subsequently, 18 adaptation options and 5 strategic priorities were identified to address the vulnerabilities.

“The Water Sector Development Program (WSDP) has been prepared by the Ministry of Water Resources. The WSDP seeks to contribute to major socio-economic targets such as enhancing the access of the population to safe drinking water, improving food security through extending irrigation, and increasing the national production of electricity by constructing dams. The program is consistent with the National Water Management Policy and the National Water Strategy. The planning horizon of the WSDP is 15 years, divided into three 5-year periods of the short-term (2002-2006), medium-term (2007-2011), and long-term (2012-2016) to suit the existing practice of 5-year development plans of Regional and Federal institutions”.

The policy aims to complement current labour laws provisions and international ramifications in coordinating and harmonising all employment generation activities and efforts.

This policy on transport in Addis Ababa addresses the current challenges faced in the transport sector, proffers likely solutions, and envisions future issues that may arise. This is to ensure the smooth running of socio-economic activities that contribute to the attainment of the country’s overall long-term vision.

“The Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC) is a nationwide sectoral document charged at laying out the adaptation initiatives, addressing both climate change adaptation and mitigation objectives that Ethiopia intends to undertake to limit its net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2030. The INDC is in line with the Climate Resilient Green Economy Strategy (CRGE), integrated into the Second Growth and Transformation Plan (GTP II)”.

The Food Security Strategy (FSS) builds on the 1996 FSS that sought to understand the causes and effects of food insecurity in Ethiopia. The 2002 FSS subsequently aims to leverage the lessons learnt over the years to further address food insecurity issues. The overall objective is to ensure food security at household levels. It places priority on pastoral areas, environmental rehabilitation, the introduction of high-value crops, capacity building, and institutional strengthening.

The strategy is designed to be a 5-year strategic plan. It pushes to bridge the gap of the current insensitive nature of the country’s agricultural sector, and its impact on the nutritional status of the populace; It goes ahead to highlight the specific gaps identified to be addressed. It hopes to achieve its set objectives by integrating nutrition into the policies, strategies and programmes of the 3 ministries in the agricultural sector; providing guidance, and coordinating activities charged at attaining set goals. Its key principles include: Community participation and ownership, special consideration to women, youth and children, need and evidence-based program planning and implementation, and innovative and indigenous knowledge-based.

“The National Policy on Natural Resources and the Environment is an overall comprehensive cross-sectoral and sectoral policy framework developed by the Transitional Government to guide natural resources and environmentally sustainable development, use and management. The overall policy goal is to improve and enhance the health and quality of life of all Ethiopians and to promote sustainable social and economic development through the sound management and use of natural, human-made and cultural resources and the environment as a whole to meet the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs”.

The Rural Energy Development and Promotion Centre is established as an autonomous federal government organ accountable to the ministry of rural development. The centre is charged with ensuring the ease of developing and promoting rural energy resources and technologies. The proclamation highlights the powers and duties of the centre, organization structure, source of budget, and other miscellaneous provisions.

The proclamation provides the necessary support to facilitate the organization of women with low living standards in income-generating endeavours, to alleviate their general living conditions. The proclamation thus establishes the Ethiopian Women’s Development Fund as a federal government body having its legal personality. The Fund shall be accountable to the Prime Minister. It highlights the various objectives of the fund, the powers and duties, structure, and central organs, among others.

This policy discusses the need to incorporate technological means to further improve the economic status of the country as well as guide its long-term visions. It contains the necessary frameworks and guidelines to achieve the consolidation of agriculture-driven economic growth of the country.

The proclamation for the establishment of the valleys agricultural development authority as an autonomous federal entity having a juridical personality. The authority is tasked with coordination, harmonization, regulation, and supervision of the utilization of land and water resources for agricultural development

“This Proclamation shall apply to an urban land held by the permit system, or by the lease-hold system, or by other means prior thereto, as well as to an urban land permitted hereafter. Notwithstanding the provisions of Sub-Article (1) of this Article, this Proclamation shall also apply to; any urban land which has not been under leasehold system, as per the time and conditions to be set by the concerned Region or City Government; any town, which has not been under the lease-hold system, as per the time and conditions to be set by the concerned Region or City government”.

A proclamation to amend the Animal, Animal Products and By-Products Marketing Development Authority Establishment Proclamation of 1998.

The Diredawa city has been an issue of dispute between the Somalia and Oromia regions. The government of Ethiopia however deem it necessary to accelerate development in the area until a lasting solution is obtained. The proclamation thus confers self-government on the people of Diredawa, legally determines the organisational structure and operations of the city, as well as powers and duties of the city administration. This is to ensure the city is governed democratically, and good growth and development are facilitated.

The proclamation for the protection of cultural property in the event of armed conflict and its first protocol was signed at Hague on the 14 days of May 1954. The powers and responsibility for implementation are placed on the authority for research and conservation of cultural heritage.

The decree recognises the growing use of pesticides for improving agricultural outputs. It highlights the need to ensure the damage or adverse effects of the utilization of these pesticides on humans, animals, plants, and the environment is reduced to the bearable minimum. It addresses prohibition, registration, packaging, labelling, storage, and disposal of pesticides. The proclamation addresses the need for comprehensive legislation to regulate the
manufacture, formulation, import, export, transport, storage, distribution, sale, use and disposal of pesticides and other related matters.

The Federal Urban Planning Institute is established as an autonomous public organ having its legal personality. The Institute shall be accountable to the Ministry of federal affairs. The institute is charged with achieving a balanced urban system driven by integrated urban plans that encompass socio-economic and land-use dimensions and that ensure developments that have strong linkages with their rural hinterlands.

The proclamation defines industrial chemicals as chemicals used for industrial, educational and training, research and transfer purposes. It excludes pharmaceuticals and medicals, food and food additives, agricultural, chemical weapons and radioactive chemicals. This Proclamation applies to any person who is engaged in the transaction of industrial chemicals. It details the objective, certification and registration, record keeping and reporting, importation, packing, labelling, transporting, and storage of chemicals.

A Proclamation for the Government ownership of urban lands and extra-urban houses. The Proclamation details: Introduction, Urban Lands, Urban Houses, Rent, Cooperative Societies of Urban Dwellers, Powers and Duties of the Ministry, and General Provisions. The constitution of Ethiopia vests all lands in the state to its people, and the Proclamation vests all urban lands in the Government.